Fishing Far into the Future

AKBiz Magazine

By Dimitria Lavrakas

February 2024

Crew training aims to hook a new generation

Thirty years ago, all a young person needed to fish commercially was a boat, some gear, and a sense of adventure. According to the Alaska Longline Fishermen’s Association (ALFA), young fishermen today face staggering entry costs, high operating costs, and a level of risk that is equivalent to buying a starter hotel.

ALFA is committed to helping interested persons enter the industry. Through a variety of programs, it’s helping the next generation of commercial fishermen launch and sustain viable businesses.

Read full article here.

Help Alaska’s fisheries – reduce methane emissions

Alaska Beacon

By LINDA BEHNKEN and KATE TROLL

JANUARY 9, 2024 4:02 PM

NOAA now confirms that another critical Alaska fishery is in decline due to successive marine heat waves. First there was the loss of 10 billion snow crabs and the close of the once-lucrative Bering Sea crab fisheries; now we know that climate change (warming seas) is the culprit behind the crash of chum salmon on the Yukon and Kuskokwim rivers. Both these fisheries are the lifeblood to many Alaska communities and villages. From the Yukon to Kodiak, from the Arctic to Ketchikan, Alaska’s coastal fisheries must now confront the dual threat of heat waves and ocean acidification.  

See article online here


Reducing Carbon Emissions in the Fishing Fleet

Read online at National Fishermen

December 22, 2023

Guest Author:

Linda Behnken & Kay Kreiss

The Sitka fishing fleet is pioneering energy-efficient commercial fishing. In 2021, the Alaska Longline Fishermen’s Association (ALFA) was selected by the DOE’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to partner in exploring ways fishing vessels can be powered by low- or zero-emissions propulsion systems. Two years later, the Vehicle Technology Office (VTO) funded ALFA to oversee three projects that will pilot different low-emission technologies.

The first is a hybrid battery-diesel system that allows a fishing boat to use diesel when traveling quickly to fishing grounds and then switch to a battery-electric motor when fishing. This system can reduce fuel consumption by up to 80% without requiring significant changes in fishing practices on one-to-two-day trips. It will be funded with grant support from AgWest Farm Credit and Acme Seafoods, with coordination and data support from Kempy Energetics. The hybrid system is designed to optimize the use of the engine and motor and will be equipped with data loggers to measure the fuel efficiency achieved at sea.

The second pilot project will test a different type of propulsion system that will be determined based on interest from the fleet. One candidate is a series hybrid system that allows fishing boats to reduce fuel use when running short or long distances. At all speeds, an electric motor powers the propeller, and a battery powers the motor. The battery can be charged at a Sitka dock with our green hydropower, or if a skipper needs to travel hundreds of miles, a diesel generator on-board can recharge the boat’s batteries. ALFA is inviting boat owners to apply for this retrofit.  You can find the pre-application at https://www.alfafish.org/vto-project.

Trawlers sue over halibut bycatch limit

From ALFA Staff

December 27th, 2023

On December 19th, 2023,, the Amendment 80 (A80) trawl fleet sued to prevent implementation of the Bering Sea halibut bycatch action that ties bycatch caps to halibut abundance. While not unexpected the refusal by the A80 fleet to share in the conservation responsibility for halibut is at best disturbing.  

The Final Environmental Impact Statement for this action documents that the A80 companies were responsible for 23.8 million pounds of halibut mortality from 2010-2019.  Bycatch levels not only exceed limits set for the directed fishery but in some years bycatch has threatened to preclude the small boat directed fishery completely.

Bycatch is deducted from the total allowable catch before catch limits are set for the directed halibut fishery. Bycatch caps, set when halibut were far more abundant, have never been triggered. Meanwhile catch limits for the directed halibut fisheries have been steadily reduced as halibut abundance has declined to protect the stocks from overharvest.    

After six years of analysis, testimony, and debate, the Council voted to connect halibut caps to halibut abundance, lowering bycatch when stocks are low to prevent overfishing. Sound reasonable?  Not if you are one of the five A80 companies.  Council action reduced bycatch caps below current bycatch levels by 2.4% --but even that sharing of conservation is too much for the A80 fleet.  

ALFA will join long-term allies to intervene in the lawsuit on behalf of the federal government.  We are fundraising to support our engagement.  Please contribute through the ALFA website (alfafish.org) with the memo “halibut lawsuit” and we will dedicate your contribution to defending halibut stocks from trawl bycatch. 

Contribute like the future of the halibut stock – and of your fishery—depend on it.

Why Are Alaska’s Rivers Turning Orange?

Streams in Alaska are turning orange with iron and sulfuric acid. Scientists are trying to figure out why

Scientific American

BY ALEC LUHN

January 1st, 2024

“It was a cloudy July afternoon in Alaska's Kobuk Valley National Park, part of the biggest stretch of protected wilderness in the U.S. We were 95 kilometers (60 miles) from the nearest village and 400 kilometers from the road system. Nature doesn't get any more unspoiled. But the stream flowing past our feet looked polluted. The streambed was orange, as if the rocks had been stained with carrot juice. The surface glistened with a gasoline like rainbow sheen. “This is bad stuff,” said Patrick Sullivan, an ecologist at the University of Alaska Anchorage.”

“….Less than a dozen meters away the stream flowed into the Salmon River, a ribbon of swift channels and shimmering rapids that winds south from the snow-dimpled dun peaks of the Brooks Range. This is the last frontier in the state known as “the last frontier,” a 1,000-kilometer line of pyramidlike slopes that wall off the northern portion of Alaska from the gray, wind-raked Arctic Coast.

“Now, however, the Salmon is quite literally rusting.”

Read Full Article Here

US/Climate Change: Alaska empty nets, ageing fleets

International Collective in Support of Fishworkers

Samudura Reports

By: Linda Behnken

December 2023

Stocks of fish and crab have collapsed in Alaska, devastating both commercial and subsistence fishers

Climate change used to be something fishers in Alaska talked of as a concern for the future. No longer. That future is now. Alaska has witnessed, almost overnight, collapses in both fish and crab stocks. The cod of the Gulf of Alaska; the Bering Sea king crab and snow crab; and the Yukon River salmon. These collapses have devastated fishers—both commercial and subsistence.

ANCSA at 52: A legacy of loss and adaptation for Alaska Native communities

What has the divisive Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act created for Alaska's Native Peoples and how does Congress hold accountability? Or do they?

Sophie Swope 
Executive Director of the Mother Kuskokwim Tribal Coalition

Fifty-two years ago, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) was enacted. This legislation profoundly reshaped the lives of Alaskan Natives, including my own at age 25. The Dec. 18, 1971 legislation meant to usher in a new era of native land settlements from the failed reservation system, instead led to the fragmentation of our ancestral lands and a redefined relationship with them.

Read Online

Collins, Reed Introduce Bill to Protect Working Waterfronts

PUBLISHED: NOVEMBER 13, 2023

Washington, D.C. – Today, U.S. Senators Susan Collins and Jack Reed (D-RI) introduced the Working Waterfront Preservation Act. This bipartisan bill would help preserve access for our nation’s fishermen and maritime workers to the waterfronts in coastal communities, supporting the commercial fishing, aquaculture, boatbuilding, and for-hire recreational fishing industries that are so vital to the culture, heritage, and economies of seaside towns and cities.

“The hard working men and women that make up Maine’s maritime industries continue to lose access to the waterfronts that sustain them. Recent demand for coastal property has only intensified the problem both in Maine and across the nation,” said Senator Collins. “This bipartisan legislation would create a grant program to provide funding for municipal and state governments, nonprofit organizations, and participants in maritime industries to preserve and improve working waterfront property in our coastal states.” 

“Working waterfronts provide critical access to the water and are valuable resources that are absolutely critical to our economic future.  Today, our working waterfronts face a growing number of competing pressures, from rising sea levels to surging real estate prices and economic development challenges.  This new federal grant program would provide a lifeline to coastal communities to preserve, protect, and enhance working waterfronts, upgrade infrastructure, and ensure public access to the water,” said Senator Reed.  “Passing this bill would help support and sustain fishermen and other hardworking men and women who make their living on the waterfront.”

"The working waterfront is our gateway to the amazing seafood we harvest here in Maine and around the country. Without it, we lose crucial connectivity within our local food system and significantly reduce the opportunity that seafood represents,” said Ben Martens, Executive Director of the Maine Coast Fishermen’s Association. “Thank you Senator Collins for continuing to advocate for Maine's iconic fishing industry and fighting to bring much-needed resources and attention to our working waterfront communities."

Waterfront access is critical to the future of Maine’s lobster industry. You simply can’t make a living from the sea if you aren’t able to get to it,” said Patrice McCarron, President of the Maine Lobstermen’s Association. “The Maine Lobsterman’s Association commends Senators Collins and Reed for introducing this bipartisan legislation that would help protect existing working waterfront and preserve access for fishermen and the unique character of our fishing communities.

"The key to maintaining the vibrant character and economic productivity of any American port is adequate support for its working waterfront," said Noah Oppenheim, Coordinator of the Fishing Communities Coalition. "Unfortunately, fishing communities across the country have been struggling to maintain working waterfront access in the face of gentrification, infrastructure issues, sea level rise, and countless additional challenges. This new program will preserve public access to working waterfronts in communities from Maine to the Gulf of Mexico, and Southern California to Western Alaska. The members of the Fishing Communities Coalition express their heartfelt thanks to Senator Collins and Senator Reed for their leadership in introducing this key legislation."

According to the most recent data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, commercial and recreational fisheries are responsible for more than 1.7 million jobs in the U.S., $253 billion in sales, and $117 billion in value-added impacts.

The Working Waterfront Preservation Act would establish a $20 million grant program to help municipal and state governments, nonprofit organizations, and participants in maritime industries purchase or improve working waterfront property in coastal states. Grants would be administered by the Economic Development Administration, and successful applicants would need to be endorsed by state fisheries agencies. In order to be eligible for a grant, recipients would be required to permanently protect an area as working waterfront.

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Commercial Fishing Goes Electric

BY Benjamin Hayden

National Fisherman

November 8th, 2023

Seattle, Washington, a long-standing host of the Pacific Marine Expo, has welcomed the commercial fishing industry for over five decades under one roof. This year, the event took place at Lumen Field, offering a platform for discussions on emerging technologies and equipment on the show floor, alongside informative presentations on industry trends.

Read Online Here

Spotlight on: US fishing groups sue tire manufacturers as EPA begins investigation

Seafood Source News

Spotlight on: US fishing groups sue tire manufacturers as EPA begins investigation

Two fishing organizations have filed suit against American tire manufacturers over a chemical linked to salmon deaths.

Manufacturers use 6PPD to prevent tires from degrading too quickly, but research has found that the chemical transforms into 6PPD-quinone when exposed to ground-level ozone. The resultant chemical can kill coho salmon and contribute to urban runoff mortality syndrome.

Environmental group Earthjustice is representing the Institute for Fisheries Resources (IFR) and the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations (PCFFA) in the lawsuit.

“There is simply no excuse, now that the science is clear how toxic 6PPD-q is to fish, for the tire industry to keep using 6PPD,” IFR and PCFFA Executive Director Glen Spain said. “To keep using a chemical not only pushing valuable salmon runs toward extinction but also destroying fishing-dependent jobs up and down the west coast should not be allowed.”

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently announced that it would look into 6PPD-quinone under the Toxic Substances Control Act after granting a petition from Earthjustice filed on behalf of the Yurok, Port Gamble S’Klallam, and Puyallup Tribes.

“This is a victory for salmon and all species and people,” the Puyallup Tribal Council said in a statement. “6PPD is a major and uniquely lethal threat to the health of salmon in urban streams on our reservation.”

Nathan Strout
Associate Editor
nstrout@divcom.com